Chifukwa chiyani magetsi a photovoltaic ali abwino kwambiri, koma mlingo wolowera ndi wotsika kwambiri?

Monga mtundu wa mphamvu zobiriwira komanso zowonjezereka, mphamvu zamagetsi za photovoltaic zaperekedwa mowonjezereka ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Sizingachepetse mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu, komanso zimakhala ndi phindu lalikulu lachuma, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali. Komabe, ngakhale ubwino woonekeratu wa mphamvu ya photovoltaic mphamvu, mlingo wolowera udakali wochepa. Kodi choyambitsa mikhalidwe yotsutsanayi nchiyani?

Ubwino wopangira magetsi a photovoltaic: kuchokera kuchitetezo cha chilengedwe kupita ku chuma
Choyamba, tiyenera kumvetsetsa ubwino wa kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic. Kuchokera ku chilengedwe, kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mtundu wa zero-emission of energy. Poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe matenthedwe mphamvu matenthedwe, maselo photovoltaic satulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha monga mpweya woipa pa nthawi yopanga mphamvu, ndipo pafupifupi alibe zotsatira zoipa pa chilengedwe. Ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse lapansi, kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon ndi kukwaniritsa kusalowerera ndale kwa carbon wakhala cholinga chofunikira cha kusintha kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndiyo chinsinsi cha cholinga ichi.

Kuchokera pazachuma, mtengo wamagetsi a photovoltaic watsika kwambiri m'zaka zingapo zapitazi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamakampani, ma ultra-large-scale-akulu-scale photovoltaic magetsi opanga magetsi atha kukwaniritsa mitengo yamagetsi yochepera ma senti 11, ndipo ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, mtengowo ukupitilirabe kugwa. M'tsogolomu, mutatha kupititsa patsogolo komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa teknoloji yosungiramo mphamvu, magetsi a photovoltaic sadzakhala ndi ubwino wa chilengedwe, komanso amatha kugonjetsa mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi pamtengo wapatali.

Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu ya photovoltaic imakhalanso ndi zizindikiro za "kugawa", zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba, m'malo ogula zinthu, mafakitale ndi malo ena. Njira yopangira mphamvuyi sikutanthauza magetsi apakati, ndipo malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic akhoza kukhazikitsidwa padenga la banja lililonse, malo otseguka ndi malo ena, amabalalitsa kwambiri chiopsezo ndi mtengo wamagetsi.

Ubwino wa machitidwe a photovoltaic kunyumba
Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba, makina a photovoltaic kunyumba mosakayikira ndi imodzi mwa njira zokopa kwambiri. Dongosolo la photovoltaic lanyumba limatha kutenga mwayi padenga la nyumba ndikusintha kuwala kwadzuwa kukhala magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito kunyumba kudzera pamagetsi adzuwa. Malingana ndi zosowa zamagetsi za nyumba ya wogwiritsa ntchito, dongosololi likhoza kusinthidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zosowa zamagetsi zapanyumba zimaperekedwa mokwanira ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa masana, ndikudalira gridi usiku kapena masiku a mitambo.

Ubwino waukulu wa machitidwe a photovoltaic apanyumba ndikutha kukwaniritsa ndalama zosungira magetsi. Kumbali imodzi, magetsi opangidwa ndi banja amatha kudyedwa mwachindunji, kuchepetsa mtengo wogula magetsi ku kampani yamagetsi; Kumbali ina, gridi yamagetsi m'madera ambiri imapereka njira yogulitsira ndi kugulitsa mphamvu, pamene magetsi opangidwa ndi nyumbayo amaposa kufunikira, magetsi owonjezera amatha kugulitsidwa ku gridi, ndikuchepetsanso ndalama zamagetsi apanyumba.

Kuphatikiza apo, makina a photovoltaic apanyumba amakhalanso ndi moyo wautali wautumiki komanso ndalama zochepa zosamalira. Moyo wautumiki wa mapanelo ambiri a photovoltaic ukhoza kufika zaka 25 kapena kuposerapo, ndipo mtengo wokonza ndi wotsika, umangofunika kuyeretsa nthawi zonse ndikuyang'ana momwe ntchito ikugwirira ntchito. Izi zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba kuti apindule ndi kubwerera kwachuma kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic kwa zaka zambiri.

Zifukwa zochepetsera kulowetsedwa kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic
Ngakhale kuti pali ubwino wambiri wopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic, mlingo wolowera watsika kwambiri kuposa zomwe zikuyembekezeka. Zifukwa zazikulu zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:

1. Ndalama zoyambira kwambiri
Ngakhale mtengo wamagetsi opangira magetsi a photovoltaic watsika kwambiri, mtengo woyika woyamba udakali wokwera kwa mabanja ambiri. Makamaka m'madera opanda thandizo la boma, mtengo woyika makina a photovoltaic apanyumba ungafunike makumi masauzande a yuan. Izi si ndalama zochepa kwa mabanja wamba, makamaka pankhani ya mavuto aakulu azachuma, mabanja ambiri angakhale okonda kusankha mitengo yotsika, kupeza mwamsanga mphamvu zachikhalidwe.

2. Vuto losunga mphamvu silinathetsedwa
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimalepheretsa mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi kusinthasintha kwake komanso kusakhazikika. Pakakhala dzuwa masana, mapanelo a photovoltaic amatha kupanga magetsi mokwanira, koma usiku kapena masiku amtambo, mphamvu zamagetsi zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi a photovoltaic ayenera kudalira zipangizo zosungiramo mphamvu kuti athetse kusiyana kwa magetsi. Komabe, mtengo wamakono wa mabatire osungira mphamvu akadali okwera, ndipo luso lamakono silinakhwime. Ngakhale teknoloji ya batri yakula pang'onopang'ono, mtengo wosungira mphamvu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kutchuka kwa photovoltaic.

Malinga ndi zolosera za akatswiri ena amakampani, mtengo wa mabatire osungira mphamvu ukatsika mpaka 1 dime pa KWH yamagetsi, mphamvu yamagetsi ya photovoltaic imatha kusinthiratu mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi. Koma mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa mabatire osungira mphamvu udzapitirizabe kulepheretsa kutchuka kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba.

3. Ndondomeko zosakwanira ndi zothandizira
Kutchuka kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic sikungodalira chitukuko cha teknoloji, komanso kumafunika thandizo la ndondomeko. M'mayiko ambiri, maboma ayamba kupereka ndalama zothandizira komanso zolimbikitsa msonkho pofuna kulimbikitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba kuti akhazikitse makina a photovoltaic. Komabe, ndondomeko za subsidy nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa, ndipo ndi kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kapena kuchotsedwa kwa chithandizo, kukongola kwachuma kwa magetsi a photovoltaic kumachepetsedwa mofanana. Popanda chilimbikitso chokwanira cha ndondomeko, mabanja ambiri sangakhale ndi chilimbikitso chokwanira chogwiritsira ntchito ma photovoltaic systems.

4. Malingaliro ndi kuvomereza
Kupanga magetsi a Photovoltaic akadali ukadaulo wosadziwika bwino m'malo ambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba ambiri akadali ndi chidziwitso chachiphamaso cha ukadaulo uwu, osamvetsetsa bwino za phindu lake lazachuma komanso chilengedwe. Kuonjezera apo, anthu ambiri amasokonezeka ponena za kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza makina a photovoltaic, akuda nkhawa kuti ndondomekoyi ndi yovuta, dongosololi ndi losasunthika, ndipo ngakhale akuda nkhawa kuti nyumba yawo yokhayo silingathe kupirira kulemera kwa mapanelo a photovoltaic. Zonsezi zakhudza kutchuka kwa magetsi a photovoltaic pamsika wa kunyumba.

Yankho: Kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu kuti muchepetse ndalama
Chinsinsi chothetsera mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa chagona muukadaulo waukadaulo, makamaka pankhani yaukadaulo wosungira mphamvu. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wa batri, mtengo wa mabatire osungira mphamvu ukuchepa pang'onopang'ono. M'tsogolomu, ndi kupanga kwakukulu ndi kukula kwa teknoloji, mabatire osungira mphamvu akuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa mtengo. Pamene mtengo wa kusungirako mphamvu umachepetsedwa kukhala wokwanira, chuma cha ogwiritsa ntchito pakhomo kuti akhazikitse machitidwe a photovoltaic adzakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo kutchuka kwa magetsi a photovoltaic kudzabweretsanso kupambana.

Kuonjezera apo, boma liyenera kulimbikitsanso chithandizo chake pakupanga magetsi a photovoltaic, ndi kuchepetsa kukakamiza koyambirira kwa ndalama kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pakhomo poyambitsa ndondomeko zabwino zothandizira zothandizira. Makamaka m'madera akumidzi ndi akutali, boma lingapereke ndalama zambiri zothandizira ndalama komanso ngongole zokonda kulimbikitsa mabanja ambiri kuti akhazikitse machitidwe a photovoltaic ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi.