Kodi Zosungirako Zamagetsi Zogawika za PV Ndizoyenera Kulumikizidwa Ndi Gridi?

Pakalipano, m'dziko lamakono lamphamvu, makina osungira mphamvu a photovoltaic ogawika akhala akutenga gawo lalikulu. Koma, ambiri amadzifunsa ngati kusungidwa kwamphamvu kwa PV kuyenera kulumikizidwa ndi gridi. Chabwino, tiyeni tiyang'ane mopitilira muyeso, ndikumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakina amagetsi a PV omwe amagawika pamodzi ndi malo opangira magetsi.

Poyamba, makina opangira magetsi a PV amatha kukhala opanda gridi.
Makina opanga magetsi a photovoltaic omwe amagawidwa sali olumikizidwa ku gridi; iwo akhozanso kukhala opanda grid. Machitidwe opangira magetsi a photovoltaic omwe amagawidwa kunja kwa gridi amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kumadera omwe sizingatheke kapena zovuta kulumikiza ku gridi yamagetsi, kapena kumene gridi yamagetsi imakhala yosakhazikika. Makina oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma solar panel, mabatire, zowongolera, ndi ma inverter. Ma solar solar amasintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala magetsi, batire imayendetsedwa ndi wowongolera, ndipo magetsi akafunika, magetsi mu batire amasinthidwa kukhala AC kudzera mu inverter kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi katundu.
Ubwino wa off-grid system ndi kudziyimira pawokha komanso kudalirika. M'madera ena akutali, monga madera amapiri ndi zilumba, makina opangira magetsi a PV a off-grid amatha kupatsa anthu am'deralo magetsi okhazikika popanda kukhudzidwa ndi kulephera kwa gridi. Kupatula apo, muzochitika zina zapadera, monga ntchito zakumunda, kupulumutsa mwadzidzidzi, ndi zina zambiri, makina a off-grid angagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Machitidwe a Off-grid ali ndi zovuta zingapo, nawonso. Choyamba, mtengo wamakina otere ndi wokwera chifukwa munthu amafunika kukonzekeretsa mabatire osungira. Chachiwiri, mabatire ali ndi moyo wocheperako ndipo ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wokonza. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu zamakina akunja kwa grid nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo sizingakwaniritse zosowa zazikulu zamagetsi.
Mosiyana ndi izi, pulogalamu ya PV yolumikizidwa ndi gridi imalumikiza magetsi opangidwa kuchokera ku solar solar kupita ku gridi atawasintha kukhala AC kudzera pa inverter. Panthawiyi, pamene mphamvu ya dzuwa imakhala yaikulu kuposa magetsi, magetsi owonjezera amatha kuperekedwa ku gridi, pamene mphamvu ya dzuwa yopangidwa sikwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, akhoza kuipeza kuchokera ku gridi.
Ubwino wa gulu lolumikizidwa ndi gridi ndikuti ukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa gridi, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, imathanso kugulitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo ku gridi kuti zibwererenso zachuma. Kupatula apo, makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi ndi osavuta komanso osakwera mtengo kuyika ndikusamalidwa.
Komabe, makina olumikizidwa ndi grid alinso ndi zovuta zina: mwachitsanzo, amayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zofikira pa gridi malinga ndi ma voltage, ma frequency, mphamvu, ndi zina. Kuwonjezera pa zimenezi, mbadwo wake udzakhudzidwa ndi nyengo, monga mvula kapena matalala, ndipo pali kusakhazikika kwina m’mbadwo wake. Chachiwiri, chojambula chamagetsi chiyenera kuphatikizapo chiyani?
Kaya makina opangira magetsi opangidwa kuchokera ku gridi kapena gridi yolumikizidwa ndi magetsi, kapangidwe kake kamagetsi kamayenera kuganizira izi: kusankha ndi kamangidwe ka solar panel. Solar panel ndiye chigawo chachikulu cha makina opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, ndipo kusankha kwake ndi masanjidwe ake kumakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito. Posankha solar panel, zinthu monga mphamvu, mphamvu, kudalirika, ndi moyo wautali ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Pakalipano, poganizira za kuwala kwa malo oyikapo, malo a denga, malo, ndi zina, m'pofunikanso kupanga dongosolo loyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Kwa kachitidwe ka off-grid, pakufunikanso kuganizira zofananira pakati pa mapanelo adzuwa ndi mabatire kuti azilipiritsa mabatire mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana.
Kusankha kwa batri ndi kuwerengera kuchuluka kwake
Battery ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi opangira magetsi a PV, ntchito yake ndikusunga magetsi opangidwa ndi solar kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito usiku kapena masiku amtambo ndi mvula. Posankha mtundu, m'pofunika kuganizira zinthu monga mtundu, mphamvu, moyo, kulipira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ya batri.
Kwa makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi, ngakhale kuyika mabatire osungira sikofunikira, koma nthawi zina, monga kulephera kwa gridi, imathanso kuganizira zopangira mphamvu zina zosungirako ngati gwero lamagetsi osungira. Ndiye mphamvu ya batire iyenera kuwerengedwa kuti imatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito panthawi yadzidzidzi. Chowongolera ndi kusankha kwa inverter
Wolamulira ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo logawira mphamvu ya photovoltaic; imayang'anira kutulutsa kwa solar panel kuti batire isachuluke kapena kutulutsa. Posankha wolamulira, ntchito ya wolamulira, ntchito, kudalirika, ndi zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Inverter ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu ya DC yopangidwa ndi mapanelo adzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya AC, ndipo kusankha kwake kuyenera kuganizira zinthu monga mphamvu ya inverter, magwiridwe antchito, mawonekedwe otulutsa, komanso kudalirika. Kwa machitidwe a gridi, m'pofunikanso kuganizira ngati mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mafupipafupi a inverter akugwirizana ndi katundu.

Mawaya amagetsi ndi zida zodzitetezera
Mawaya amagetsi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina opangira magetsi a PV, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamayenera kuganiziranso zinthu monga chitetezo, kudalirika, komanso kukongola kwadongosolo. Mu mawaya, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kumamatira ku ma code ndi miyezo yoyenera yamagetsi kuti zofunikira pazigawo zodutsa mawaya, ntchito zotsekemera, pakati pa zina, zikwaniritsidwe.
Chipangizo chachitetezo ndiye chitsimikizo chofunikira chachitetezo pamakina opangira magetsi a PV. Dongosololi likalephera, limadula magetsi munthawi yake kuti ngoziyo isachuluke. Zida zodzitchinjiriza zimaphatikizapo zowononga ma circuit, fuse, zoteteza kutayikira, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi mphamvu ndi zofunikira za dongosololi pakusankha ndikuyika. Monitoring system design
Dongosolo loyang'anira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lamagetsi opangira magetsi a PV, omwe amatha kuyang'anira momwe dongosololi likugwirira ntchito munthawi yeniyeni, kuphatikiza mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi, mphamvu ya batri, mphamvu yotulutsa inverter, ndi zina zotero. Kupyolera mu njira yowunikira, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kumvetsetsa momwe dongosololi likugwirira ntchito panthawi yake, kupeza mavuto, ndikuthana nawo panthawi yake.
Iyenera kuganizira kukula ndi kufunikira kwa dongosolo, kusankha zida zoyenera zowunikira ndi mapulogalamu, ndikuyika ndikuyika koyenera. Chachitatu, chidule cha Kugawidwa kwa mphamvu ya PV sikungolumikizidwa ndi gululi, komanso kumatha kukhala kopanda grid. Machitidwe a Off-Grid amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera omwe sangagwirizane ndi gridi kapena kuti gridiyo sikhazikika, ndi ubwino wa kudziyimira pawokha ndi kudalirika, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Dongosolo lolumikizidwa ndi gululi litha kugwiritsa ntchito kukhazikika ndi kudalirika konse kuchokera pagululi ndikugulitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo ku gululi kuti apindule nazo zachuma.

Pakukhazikitsidwa kwa mapangidwe amagetsi mu dongosolo logawira magetsi la photovoltaic, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa: kusankha ndi kuyika kunja kwa solar panel, kusankha ndi kuwerengera mphamvu ya batri, kusankha kwa wolamulira ndi inverter, mawaya amagetsi ndi chitetezo cha chipangizo, mapangidwe a dongosolo loyang'anira, pakati pa zina. Mapangidwe amagetsi anzeru okha ndi omwe amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti makina opangira magetsi a PV amagwira ntchito motetezeka, modalirika, komanso mogwira mtima kwambiri.
Pamodzi ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kosalekeza ndi kuchepetsa mtengo, m'tsogolomu, maudindo ofunikira kwambiri adzaseweredwa ndi makina osungira mphamvu a photovoltaic. Njira zopangira mphamvu za photovoltaic zogawidwa zidzatipatsa ife pa-grid kapena off-grid ndi gwero loyera komanso lodalirika la mphamvu.