Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mayankho a gridi yolumikizidwa ndi kabati yodutsa pa siteshoni yamagetsi ya photovoltaic

Pamene kufunikira kwapadziko lonse kwa mphamvu zowonjezereka kukukulirakulirabe, kupanga mphamvu ya photovoltaic monga gawo lofunika la mphamvu zoyera, ntchito yake ndi yowonjezereka. Njira yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic ndi gridi yamagetsi ndiye chinsinsi chothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya photovoltaic, yomwe gawo la "photovoltaic grid-connected cabinet" ndilofunika kwambiri. Komabe, pogwiritsira ntchito gridi yolumikizidwa ndi magetsi a photovoltaic, vuto la photovoltaic grid-logwirizana ndi kabati kabati nthawi zambiri limapezeka.

Choyamba, zigawo zikuluzikulu za nduna yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya photovoltaic ikuphatikizapo:
Inverter: Imasintha ma frequency olunjika kukhala ma alternating current omwe amakwaniritsa ma frequency ndi ma voltage ofunikira pa gridi.
Chida chachitetezo: kuphatikizapo overcurrent, overvoltage, frequency protection, grounding protection, etc., akhoza kudula kugwirizana ndi gululi mphamvu pamene gululi mphamvu yachilendo, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo photovoltaic.
Dongosolo loyang'anira: kuwunika kwenikweni kwamagetsi a gridi yamagetsi, pakali pano, pafupipafupi ndi zina kuti zitsimikizire kuti dongosololi likuyenda bwino.

Chachiwiri, zomwe zimachititsa kuti photovoltaic grid-connecting cabinet ipite
Kudumpha kwa kabati kolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya Pv nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi kapena zovuta zamakina. Zifukwa zenizeni zili ndi izi:

Chitetezo chambiri: Pamene dera lalifupi, mochulukira kapena zolakwa zina zamagetsi zimachitika mu gridi yamagetsi, zamakono zimatha kupitirira kwambiri momwe zimagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizochi chizitchinjiriza kwambiri cha kabati yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya photovoltaic. Izi ndikuletsa mafunde apamwamba kuti asawononge zida, makamaka zida zofunika monga ma inverters. Pamene cholakwika cha overcurrent chikuchitika, kabati yolumikizidwa ndi grid nthawi zambiri imadula nthawi yomweyo malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic kuchokera ku gridi.

Overvoltage kapena undervoltage: Kusinthasintha kwamagetsi mu gridi ndi chifukwa china chofala chopunthwitsa. Chipangizo chodzitchinjiriza chomangidwira mkati ndi chitetezo cha undervoltage cha nduna yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya PV imatha kuyang'anira kusintha kwamagetsi kwa gridi munthawi yeniyeni. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikadutsa poyambira, kabati yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya PV idzayambitsa chitetezo chaulendo kuti chiteteze kuwonongeka kwa zida chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri, kapena sichingapereke mphamvu zokhazikika pamene voteji yachepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri: Mafupipafupi amtundu wa gridi yamagetsi (monga ma frequency opitilira 50Hz kapena 60Hz) adzatsogolera kuwonongeka kofananira kwa gridi yamagetsi ndi malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, kenako kupangitsa kuti inverter isagwire ntchito bwino. Pamene gridi yamagetsi imachoka pamtundu wamba, chipangizo chotetezera mafupipafupi cha photovoltaic grid-cholumikizidwa nduna chidzayamba ndikuchotsa ku gridi yamagetsi kuti zisasokoneze zida za photovoltaic.

Kulephera kwa inverter: The inverter ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za siteshoni photovoltaic mphamvu, ndi kulephera kwake (monga kutentha, overload, hardware kulephera, etc.) ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofunika gululi olumikizidwa nduna ulendo. Ngati inverter ikulephera kutembenuza DC kukhala AC, zamakono sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira za gridi yamagetsi, zomwe zimayambitsa njira yotetezera kabati yolumikizidwa ndi grid.

Kulephera kwapansi: Ngati maziko a malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic akulephera, angayambitse kutayikira panopa. Kabati yolumikizidwa ndi gridi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ntchito yoteteza pansi, ndipo ikazindikirika kuti kutayikira kapena cholakwika chokhazikika, chimangodula kulumikizana pakati pa malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic ndi gridi kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo chamagetsi.

Mavuto amtundu wa gridi: Kusinthasintha kwamtundu wa gridi, monga kuyipitsa kwa ma harmonic, kusintha kwa magetsi kapena kusintha pafupipafupi, kungayambitsenso kabati yolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya PV. Ngakhale makampani a grid nthawi zambiri amasunga khalidwe la gridi kukhala lokhazikika, m'madera ena, pamene gululi likusinthasintha kwambiri, magetsi a photovoltaic amatha kukhudzidwa.

Chachitatu, thetsani vuto loyendetsa kabati lolumikizidwa ndi gridi ya photovoltaic
Pofuna kuchepetsa zochitika za photovoltaic grid yolumikizidwa ndi nduna ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi gridi olumikizidwa ndi gridi ndi gridi yamagetsi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi:

Kuyesa ndi kukonza pafupipafupi: Kusamalira nthawi zonse ndi kuyang'anitsitsa makabati okhudzana ndi gridi ya photovoltaic, kuphatikizapo kuyesa kwathunthu kwa inverters, zipangizo zamakono zotetezera, machitidwe oyendetsa pansi, ndi zina zotero. Mwa njira iyi, mavuto omwe angakhalepo amatha kudziwika panthawi yake ndipo chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa zida chikhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Kukhathamiritsa kwa Zokonda zolumikizidwa ndi gridi: Munjira yolumikizidwa ndi grid ya malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, kuyika kwa magawo a inverter ndikofunikira. Onetsetsani kuti voteji yotulutsa ndi ma frequency a inverter amalumikizidwa ndi gululi yamagetsi, ndikusintha munthawi yake magawo opangira magetsi a malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic molingana ndi kusinthasintha kwa gridi yamagetsi kuti musapunthwe chifukwa cha voteji kapena kusakhazikika pafupipafupi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba: Kugwiritsa ntchito ma inverters apamwamba kwambiri a photovoltaic, makabati olumikizidwa ndi gridi ndi zida zina zamagetsi zimathandiza kukhazikika komanso kudalirika kwadongosolo. Kusankha zida zomwe zili ndi vuto lalikulu lololera ndikuganizira kusintha kwamtundu wa gridi pamapangidwe kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiwopsezo chakuyenda.

Limbitsani kusankha kwa malo ofikira pa gridi: Kusankhidwa kwa malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic kuyenera kuganizira za katundu wa gridi, kukhazikika ndi kutumiza mphamvu ya grid. Makamaka m'madera omwe gridi yamagetsi imakhala yosasunthika, kugwirizanitsa ndi kampani yogwiritsira ntchito gululi yamagetsi iyenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti magetsi a mfundo zofanana amakwaniritsa zofunikira.

Limbikitsani maphunziro a akatswiri azaukadaulo: maphunziro odziwa ntchito ndi kukonza malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic kuti awonetsetse kuti akudziwa bwino momwe ntchitoyi ikuyendera komanso njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi za malo opangira magetsi a photovoltaic, zomwe zingathe kupeweratu kugubuduka kwa makabati olumikizidwa ndi gululi chifukwa chosagwira ntchito molakwika.